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Additional linear or focal intracardiac catheter ablation of the left or right atrium for treatment of atrial fibrillation remaining after completion of pulmonary vein isolation (List separately in addition to code for primary procedure)

Evaluation of cardiovascular function with tilt table evaluation, with continuous ECG monitoring and intermittent blood pressure monitoring, with or without pharmacological intervention

Intracardiac echocardiography during therapeutic/diagnostic intervention, including imaging supervision and interpretation (List separately in addition to code for primary procedure)

Peripheral arterial disease (PAD) rehabilitation, per session

Bioimpedance-derived physiologic cardiovascular analysis

Bioimpedance spectroscopy (BIS), extracellular fluid analysis for lymphedema assessment(s)

Electronic analysis of antitachycardia pacemaker system (includes electrocardiographic recording, programming of device, induction and termination of tachycardia via implanted pacemaker, and interpretation of recordings)

Temperature gradient studies

Initial set-up and programming by a physician or other qualified health care professional of wearable cardioverter-defibrillator includes initial programming of system, establishing baseline electronic ECG, transmission of data to data repository, patient instruction in wearing system and patient reporting of problems or events

Interrogation of ventricular assist device (VAD), in person, with physician or other qualified health care professional analysis of device parameters (eg, drivelines, alarms, power surges), review of device function (eg, flow and volume status, septum status, recovery), with programming, if performed, and report

Determination of venous pressure

Ambulatory blood pressure monitoring, utilizing report-generating software, automated, worn continuously for 24 hours or longer; including recording, scanning analysis, interpretation and report

Ambulatory blood pressure monitoring, utilizing report-generating software, automated, worn continuously for 24 hours or longer; recording only

Ambulatory blood pressure monitoring, utilizing report-generating software, automated, worn continuously for 24 hours or longer; scanning analysis with report

Ambulatory blood pressure monitoring, utilizing report-generating software, automated, worn continuously for 24 hours or longer; review with interpretation and report

Patient/caregiver training for initiation of home international normalized ratio (INR) monitoring under the direction of a physician or other qualified health care professional, face-to-face, including use and care of the INR monitor, obtaining blood sample, instructions for reporting home INR test results, and documentation of patient's/caregiver's ability to perform testing and report results

Anticoagulant management for a patient taking warfarin, must include review and interpretation of a new home, office, or lab international normalized ratio (INR) test result, patient instructions, dosage adjustment (as needed), and scheduling of additional test(s), when performed

Physician or other qualified health care professional services for outpatient cardiac rehabilitation; without continuous ECG monitoring (per session)

Physician or other qualified health care professional services for outpatient cardiac rehabilitation; with continuous ECG monitoring (per session)

Unlisted cardiovascular service or procedure

Duplex scan of extracranial arteries; complete bilateral study

Duplex scan of extracranial arteries; unilateral or limited study

Transcranial Doppler study of the intracranial arteries; complete study

Transcranial Doppler study of the intracranial arteries; limited study

Transcranial Doppler study of the intracranial arteries; vasoreactivity study

Transcranial Doppler study of the intracranial arteries; emboli detection without intravenous microbubble injection

Transcranial Doppler study of the intracranial arteries; emboli detection with intravenous microbubble injection

Quantitative carotid intima media thickness and carotid atheroma evaluation, bilateral

Limited bilateral noninvasive physiologic studies of upper or lower extremity arteries, (eg, for lower extremity: ankle/brachial indices at distal posterior tibial and anterior tibial/dorsalis pedis arteries plus bidirectional, Doppler waveform recording and analysis at 1-2 levels, or ankle/brachial indices at distal posterior tibial and anterior tibial/dorsalis pedis arteries plus volume plethysmography at 1-2 levels, or ankle/brachial indices at distal posterior tibial and anterior tibial/dorsalis pedis arteries with, transcutaneous oxygen tension measurement at 1-2 levels)

Complete bilateral noninvasive physiologic studies of upper or lower extremity arteries, 3 or more levels (eg, for lower extremity: ankle/brachial indices at distal posterior tibial and anterior tibial/dorsalis pedis arteries plus segmental blood pressure measurements with bidirectional Doppler waveform recording and analysis, at 3 or more levels, or ankle/brachial indices at distal posterior tibial and anterior tibial/dorsalis pedis arteries plus segmental volume plethysmography at 3 or more levels, or ankle/brachial indices at distal posterior tibial and anterior tibial/dorsalis pedis arteries plus segmental transcutaneous oxygen tension measurements at 3 or more levels), or single level study with provocative functional maneuvers (eg, measurements with postural provocative tests, or measurements with reactive hyperemia)

Noninvasive physiologic studies of lower extremity arteries, at rest and following treadmill stress testing, (ie, bidirectional Doppler waveform or volume plethysmography recording and analysis at rest with ankle/brachial indices immediately after and at timed intervals following performance of a standardized protocol on a motorized treadmill plus recording of time of onset of claudication or other symptoms, maximal walking time, and time to recovery) complete bilateral study

Duplex scan of lower extremity arteries or arterial bypass grafts; complete bilateral study

Duplex scan of lower extremity arteries or arterial bypass grafts; unilateral or limited study

Duplex scan of upper extremity arteries or arterial bypass grafts; complete bilateral study

Duplex scan of upper extremity arteries or arterial bypass grafts; unilateral or limited study

Duplex scan of extremity veins including responses to compression and other maneuvers; complete bilateral study

Duplex scan of extremity veins including responses to compression and other maneuvers; unilateral or limited study

Duplex scan of arterial inflow and venous outflow of abdominal, pelvic, scrotal contents and/or retroperitoneal organs; complete study

Duplex scan of arterial inflow and venous outflow of abdominal, pelvic, scrotal contents and/or retroperitoneal organs; limited study

Duplex scan of aorta, inferior vena cava, iliac vasculature, or bypass grafts; complete study

Duplex scan of aorta, inferior vena cava, iliac vasculature, or bypass grafts; unilateral or limited study

Duplex scan of arterial inflow and venous outflow of penile vessels; complete study

Duplex scan of arterial inflow and venous outflow of penile vessels; follow-up or limited study

Duplex scan of arterial inflow and venous outflow for preoperative vessel assessment prior to creation of hemodialysis access; complete bilateral study

Duplex scan of arterial inflow and venous outflow for preoperative vessel assessment prior to creation of hemodialysis access; complete unilateral study

Duplex scan of hemodialysis access (including arterial inflow, body of access and venous outflow)

Unlisted noninvasive vascular diagnostic study

Ventilation assist and management, initiation of pressure or volume preset ventilators for assisted or controlled breathing; hospital inpatient/observation, initial day

Ventilation assist and management, initiation of pressure or volume preset ventilators for assisted or controlled breathing; hospital inpatient/observation, each subsequent day

Ventilation assist and management, initiation of pressure or volume preset ventilators for assisted or controlled breathing; nursing facility, per day